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Trained immunity, tolerance, priming and differentiation: distinct immunological processes.

Nature immunology

Authors: Maziar Divangahi, Peter Aaby, Shabaana Abdul Khader, Luis B Barreiro, Siroon Bekkering, Triantafyllos Chavakis, Reinout van Crevel, Nigel Curtis, Andrew R DiNardo, Jorge Dominguez-Andres, Raphael Duivenvoorden, Stephanie Fanucchi, Zahi Fayad, Elaine Fuchs, Melanie Hamon, Kate L Jeffrey, Nargis Khan, Leo A B Joosten, Eva Kaufmann, Eicke Latz, Giuseppe Matarese, Jos W M van der Meer, Musa Mhlanga, Simone J C F M Moorlag, Willem J M Mulder, Shruti Naik, Boris Novakovic, Luke O'Neill, Jordi Ochando, Keiko Ozato, Niels P Riksen, Robert Sauerwein, Edward R Sherwood, Andreas Schlitzer, Joachim L Schultze, Michael H Sieweke, Christine Stabell Benn, Henk Stunnenberg, Joseph Sun, Frank L van de Veerdonk, Sebastian Weis, David L Williams, Ramnik Xavier, Mihai G Netea

The similarities and differences between trained immunity and other immune processes are the subject of intense interrogation. Therefore, a consensus on the definition of trained immunity in both in vitro and in vivo settings, as well as in experimental models and human subjects, is necessary for advancing this field of research. Here we aim to establish a common framework that describes the experimental standards for defining trained immunity.

PMID: 33293712

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