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Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients at High Risk of Coronary Obstruction.

Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions

Authors: Yousif Ahmad, Luke Oakley, Sunghan Yoon, Danon Kaewkes, Tarun Chakravarty, Chinar Patel, Tullio Palmerini, Antonio G Bruno, Francesco Saia, Luca Testa, Francesco Bedogni, Alaide Chieffo, Matteo Montorfano, Antonio L Bartorelli, Italo Porto, Eberhard Grube, Georg Nickenig, Jan-Malte Sinning, Marco De Carlo, Anna Sonia Petronio, Marco Barbanti, Corrado Tamburino, Alessandro Iadanza, Francesco Burzotta, Carlo Trani, Chiara Fraccaro, Giuseppe Tarantini, Tiziana C Aranzulla, Giuseppe Musumeci, Giulio G Stefanini, Maurizio Taramasso, Hyo-Soo Kim, Pablo Codner, Ran Kornowski, Francesco Pelliccia, Luigi Vignali, Raj R Makkar

BACKGROUND: Coronary obstruction following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a life-threatening complication. For patients at elevated risk, it is not known how valve choice is influenced by clinical and anatomic factors and how outcomes differ between valve platforms. For patients at high risk of coronary obstruction, we sought to describe the anatomical and clinical characteristics of patients treated with both balloon-expandable (BE) and self-expanding (SE) valves.

METHODS: This was a multicenter international registry of patients undergoing TAVR who are considered to be at high risk of coronary obstruction and receiving pre-emptive coronary protection.

RESULTS: A total of 236 patients were included. Patients receiving SE valves were more likely to undergo valve-in-valve procedures and also had smaller sinuses of Valsalva and valve-to-coronary distance. Three-year cardiac mortality was 21.6% with SE vs 3.7% with BE valves. This was primarily driven by increased rates of definite or probable coronary occlusion, which occurred in 12.1% of patients with SE valves vs 2.1% in patients with BE valves.

CONCLUSIONS: In patients undergoing TAVR with coronary protection, those treated with SE valves had increased rates of clinical and anatomic features that increase the risk of coronary obstruction. These include an increased frequency of valve-in-valve procedures, smaller sinuses of Valsalva, and smaller valve-to-coronary distances. These patients were observed to have increased cardiac mortality compared with patients treated with BE valves, but this is likely due to their higher risk clinical and anatomic phenotypes rather than as a function of the valve type itself.

© 2022 The Authors.

PMID: 39131939

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